To better understand the functional consequences of IL-32 upregulation in subclinical atherosclerosis among HIV+ individuals, we screened a large panel of cytokines and inflammatory biomarkers known to induce or to be induced by IL-32 such as IL-6, TNF-α, sCD14 and IL-8 (14, 43). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is atherosclerosis.