After performing pairwise comparison using Student’s t-test, we found that inflammation, IFN response, and S100 family were significantly upregulated and apoptosis, migration, and MHC class II were significantly downregulated in both mono-CD14+ and mono-CD14+CD16+ cells in COVID-19 patients compared to the corresponding cells in HCs (Figure 3A). The gene discussed is S100A1; the disease is COVID-19.