Mono-CD16+ cells exhibited higher glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, TCA cycle, OXPHOS, PPP, and alanine, aspartate, glutamate and arginine metabolism activity in COVID-19 patients than in HCs; in addition, these cells exhibited lower lysine degradation activity and lower AMPK, Hippo, FoxO, AMPK, PI3K-AKT, mTOR, TGF-β, cAMP, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway activity in COVID-19 patients than in HCs. Here, TGFB1 is linked to COVID-19.