Compared with the subjects in the lowest CCR tertile, those in the middle and highest CCR tertile had statistically significantly lower BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, cystatin C, FPG, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, serum insulin levels and prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases (P < 0.001), including NAFLD, type 2 diabetes, and obesity (Table 1). The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.