In 2019, Wang et al. reported that injections of the hirudin/liposome complex could increase the accumulation of hirudin in kidney tissues in DN rat models compared with injections of hirudin alone, and this complex significantly alleviated renal injury in DN rat by down-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and VEGF. Here, TGFB1 is linked to liver dysplastic nodule.