praja2 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls ubiquitylation and stability of colocalized signalling enzymes, including PKA, adapter proteins and tumour suppressors (Lignitto et al,2011b; Lignitto et al,2013; Sepe et al,2014; Zhang et al,2015; Rinaldi et al,2016; Song et al,2019). The gene discussed is PJA2; the disease is neoplasm.