In 2014, Gu et al. [21] employed bisulphite pyrosequencing of 778 individuals with T1DM, with and without DKD, and reported a decrease in the DNA methylation levels within IGFBP1. In 2015, Swan et al. [22] assessed DNA methylation variation in genes which encode mitochondrial proteins using Illumina’s 450K and 27K methylation arrays in 442 individuals with T1DM and DKD. Here, IGFBP1 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.