AKT1 and glioma: LRRC4 also acts as a tumor suppressor gene and significantly inhibits glioma cell proliferation by regulating RTK/ERK/AKT, SDF-1α/CXCR4 and cytokines such as VEGF and TGF-β to inhibit glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis (Wu et al. 2006, 2008a, b).