Furthermore, the dysregulation of downstream transcription factors, FOXA1, C/EBP‐α, HNF4‐α, ATF2, HNF3‐α, TCF4, and NF‐κB, has been implicated in inflammatory GI conditions such as NEC and IBD [7, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38]. This evidence concerns the gene ATF2 and necrotizing enterocolitis.