As shown in Fig. 1C, the predefined hallmark gene sets implicated in fibrogenesis, including “Epithelial_Mesanchymal_Transition” and “G2M_Checkpoints”, exhibited significant enrichment in high-expression of GSK3β versus low-expression of GSK3β in kidney tubulointerstitial specimens procured from patients with CKD. Here, GSK3B is linked to chronic kidney disease.