TGFB1 and neoplasm: In accordance with these observations, prior experimental evidence has demonstrated that certain cytokines, often expressed in the tumor microenvironment (tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, adipocytes), such as angiopoietin-2 (ANG2), interleukin-10 (IL10), and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), are sufficient for T cell exhaustion and suppression of anticancer immunity (288–291).