In 2008, two GWASs were published and identified 4 loci associated with BMD (LRP5, ESR1, OPG, and RANKL); in addition, LRP5, RANK, LRP40, ZBTB40, and SPTBN1 were found to be associated with the risk of osteoporotic fracture (Fig. 1).16,27 Soon afterwards, a deluge of GWASs were conducted on osteoporosis and related traits (Fig. 2, Table 1 and Supplemental Table 1). Here, TNFRSF11A is linked to osteoporosis.