Administration of 2′3′-cGAMP directly into mice showed a synergy with anti-immune-checkpoint blockade (anti-PD-L1) in suppressing melanoma growth.68 Although asymmetric, 2′3′-cGAMP was efficiently transferred inside or outside of cells, which was largely mediated by various characterized cGAMP importer SLC19A1181,182 or transporter LRRC8A:C/E heteromeric channels.183,184 Increased expression of SLC19A1 was observed in SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) patients185 that might promote innate immunity activation. This evidence concerns the gene SLC19A1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.