Furthermore, the caspase-3, − 8 and − 9 are over-expressed in the treated tumor cells and this agreed with the results of Schwartz and Waxman [50], suggesting that caspase-9 may mediate apoptosis induced by CPO and its induction could represent a novel approach to the effective treatment of malignant tumors. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is neoplasm.