TNF and acute kidney injury: Several genes have been associated with the incidence of ARF, both alleles encoding proteins involved in innate and acquired immune responses: TLR2, FCN2, MASP2, MBL2, MIF, and FCGR2A (innate immunity), HLA class II alleles and IGHV4-61*02 (adaptive immunity), IL1RA,TNF-α, TGFB1, IL10, and CTLA4 (innate and adaptive immunity) [7].