In this context, it has been hypothesized that a diet not adequately distributed in the daily intake of carbohydrates, fats and proteins could produce a direct effect on some specific taxa recognized to be closely correlated to adiposity, colorectal cancer and interleukin (IL)-1β levels [61,62], possibly promoting a pro-inflammatory intestinal state that could alter intestinal permeability in IBS patients. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and irritable bowel syndrome.