TDP-43 is a major neuropathological protein accumulating in familial FTD (linked to mutations in GRN and C9orf72 genes) as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and it normally contains various physiological functions such as RNA translation, autophagy, and synaptic plasticity [103]. The gene discussed is C9orf72; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.