CX3CR1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: For instance, loss of function mutations in the ephrin receptor EPHA4 (e.g., R571Q, and R514X) are associated with longer survival in ALS patients [100], the V249I mutation in the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 is associated with reduced survival in both ALS [101] and AD [102], and common variants in the UNC13A gene are associated with increased ALS susceptibility and reduced survival [103,104].