Here, for the first time, we focused on human brain tissues of MS subjects, in order to explore possible links between GPR17 protein expression and specific histopathological conditions (active, chronic active and chronic inactive lesions, NAWM of MS patients and normal white matter (NWM) of healthy controls), with the ultimate goal to propose GPR17 as a new exploitable target to foster endogenous remyelination. Here, GPR17 is linked to myeloid sarcoma.