Samples taken from Actinic Keratosis, considered to be a premalignant or precancerous form of SCC associated with a high rate of spontaneous regression, indicated significant increases in several proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IFN-α, IL-12p70) when compared to photodamaged skin at the protein level. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and actinic keratosis.