From the kinetics of SP-D in serum, considering that persistent lung inflammation enhances the production of SP-D in the lung and the transfer of SP-D from the lung to the blood, in order to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of nanomaterials, it would be useful to examine SP-D in serum up to about 3 months after exposure to nanomaterials, when persistent lung inflammation is sufficiently induced. The gene discussed is SFTPD; the disease is inflammation.