These associations are supported by a meta-analysis of 15 case–control studies which reported a decreased risk of PCa among long duration of oral anti-diabetic use (OR 0.31; 95%CI 0.14–0.69), and an increased risk with insulin users (OR 5.60; 95%CI 3.75–8.35) [169]. Here, INS is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.