TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Anti-HEV IgG, IgM, and IgG/IgM prevalence rates were higher among IBD patients that did not receive anti-TNF treatment (15.5% (95% CI 9.9–21.1), 7.5% (95% CI 3.4–11.5) and 3.7% (95% CI 0.8–6.7) for IgGs, IgMs, and IgGs/IgMs, respectively), compared to IBD patients that did and healthy control group (Figure 1B).