IL-1 inhibition may hold potential in patients with increased CV risk due to high systemic inflammation as indicated by an exploratory analysis of canakinumab anti-inflammatory outcome study (CANTOS), which indicates that baseline concentrations of IL-6 and CRP are independently associated with hospitalisation for HF and that treatment with canakinumab is associated with a dose-dependent trend towards a 24% lower risk of hospitalisation for HF at the highest dose of 300 mg. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is hydrops fetalis.