ALS is classified into sporadic ALS and familial ALS, which are associated with mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) [56,57], TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) [58], and a hexanucleotide repeat expansion of the C9orf72 gene [59]. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.