Activation of PIK3/AKT signaling and STAT3 via constitutive phosphorylation contribute to the growth and survival of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells, a type of NHL driven by dual infection with Epstein Barr virus (EPV) and Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) [317,318]. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is primary effusion lymphoma.