However, previous studies have focused largely on a single abnormality of LFTs, such as total bilirubin (TB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which may be elevated due to factors other than hemodynamic instability (e.g., drug-induced liver injury, physiological jaundice, and malnutrition). The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is malnutrition.