Markers of senescence, namely increased SA β-gal staining (Figure 2H), increased IL-1α mRNA expression (Figure 2I) and reduced LMNB1 mRNA expression (Figure 2J), were observed in ND-SMC in response to etoposide, consistent with features detected in native T2DM-SMC (Figure 1A–C). Here, PPIB is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.