TP53 and cancer: As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, a large number of the selected pathways (10 out of the 15) were commonly upregulated after both 2 and 10 Gy doses of proton under the acute hypoxia condition: Hippo signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, FoxO signaling pathway, P53 signaling pathway, focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells, Wnt signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, and cell cycle.