PTGS2 and acute pancreatitis: PIN significantly suppresses the production of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) [21], which is essential for inflammation, but it has also been shown to inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) during acute pancreatitis [21].