On the other hand, Quentin et al. (2004) showed that patients with low-stage superficial transitional cell carcinoma were characterised by a higher level of mRNA expression of VEGF than patients with high-stage muscle-invasive carcinomas, and patients with low-grade transitional cell carcinoma had a higher expression level than patient with high-grade tumours [276]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and transitional cell carcinoma.