In contrast, state 3 respiration, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial cristae density were decreased in cardiac mitochondria and were accompanied by the coordinate repression of OXPHOS and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) transcripts, suggesting that changes in mitochondria in Akita mice are organ-specific and that there is an increased susceptibility of cardiac mitochondria to diabetes-induced dysfunction [49]. Here, PPARGC1A is linked to diabetes mellitus.