Cancer cells secrete growth factors and cytokines (including IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, FGF-2, and PDGF) that recruit and reprogram stromal cells, such as immune cells and fibroblasts, as well as enzymes that degrade and remodel the surrounding ECM and BM, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.