Factors such as the BCP T1762/A1764 mutation, high viral load [20], and co-existence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [21] are known to contribute to the increased risk of HCC in patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B. In a study by West J et al., they examined the cumulative incidence of HCC in a representative population of people with cirrhosis of the liver of varying etiologies [22]. The gene discussed is OPN1SW; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.