TNF and age-related macular degeneration: Inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IL-12p70, TNFα, IFNγ, and MCP-1, play a vital role in the development of AMD and have angiogenic properties [69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78], and their activity is upregulated following addition of LPS [36] or H2O2 [35] to the media.