It has been demonstrated that MSCs isolated from the BM of B-ALL patients have increased nuclear translocation of the NF-kB transcription factor and consequent increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12p70, and TNFα, as well as interferon type I and type II [64]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.