In this context, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), a key transcription factor orchestrator that maintains the cellular defense against oxidative stress, acts inducing expression of detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant proteins as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which is decreased in RA patient’s acute joints [10,11]. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.