Recently, a molecular classification, based on gene expression profiling, of four distinct SCLC subtypes characterized by the differential expression of four transcription factors, achaete-scute homologue 1 (ASCL1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3) has also been proposed [8]. The gene discussed is NEUROD1; the disease is small cell lung carcinoma.