PLAT and ischemic stroke: In an attempt to explain these discrepancies, it was proposed that selective activation of NMDA receptors by single-chain but not two-chain tPA is responsible for the neurotoxic effect of tPA [118], and therefore that treatment with two-chain tPA is more efficient than single-chain tPA to reduce the volume of the ischemic lesion and promote functional recovery after the experimental induction of an ischemic stroke [119].