Furthermore, additional factors such as cholesterol levels or blood pressure have been shown to influence macrovascular outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus in the CARDS trial, a randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of an add-on low dose of atorvastatin therapy in type 2 diabetics [5], and the ADVANCE trial, which investigated the effect of a fixed angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor–diuretic combination in type 2 diabetics irrespective of baseline blood pressure [4]. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and diabetes mellitus.