Therapies based on blockade of PD-1 in human melanoma achieved a success [6,7]; nivolumab (an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody) [8], and pembrolizumab (another anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody) [9] monotherapy improve relapse/recurrence-free survival of stage III melanoma patients. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and melanoma.