Therefore, targeting TGF-β signaling with an RNA therapeutic such as OT101, the TGF-β targeting anti-inflammatory platforms such as RJX [76] or ArtiVeda [77,78] or a small molecule inhibitor such as galunisertib could contribute to sustained anti-tumor immunity and PD-1/PD-L1 responsiveness by lifting TGF-β-mediated immunosuppression. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.