The results demonstrate that genes for both Th1-associated chemokines (Cxcl9, Cxcl10, and Ccl5) and Th2/Treg-associated chemokines (Ccl17 and Ccl22) were simultaneously expressed in 4NQO-induced murine OPLs, and as the tumor progressed to OSCC, the expression of Th1- and Th2/Treg-associated chemokine genes decreased. This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and neoplasm.