Thus, taking into account that in immune cells of MS patients showed increased activity of the cholinergic hydrolyzing enzymes BChE and AChE, reduced levels of ACh, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines production, and a correlation between the genetic polymorphisms and activity of BChE and AChE hydrolyzing enzymes, understanding the role of cholinergic components in the aberrant immune response and severe neuro-inflammation may help the development of new treatments to ameliorate the clinical symptoms and delay or arrest the onset of the disabilities in MS. The gene discussed is ACHE; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.