In this regard, the aim of this research was to examine the effects of hyperthermia during ischemia on HO-1 expression in the hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia for 5 min under hyperthermia to examine whether HO-1 expression is related to more severe neuronal loss in the ischemic hippocampus when induced under hyperthermia using Western analysis and immunohistochemistry in gerbils, which were used as a model of transient forebrain ischemia [14,25]. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and ischemia.