TNF and neoplasm: MiR-19a mimic was also administered in the AOM/DSS-induced CRC mice and induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-17a), tumor proliferation marker (Ki-67) and NF-κB signaling markers (p-P65 and COX-2) via targeting TNF-α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) [27].