In this study, we examine the aberrant stabilization of HIF-1α in human MDS BM-derived CD34+ and differentiating myeloid lineage using a major transcriptional HIF-1 target, DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) or regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) [22]. Here, CD34 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.