To investigate HIF-1 signaling in human myelodysplasia, we assessed mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1α and HIF-1 direct transcriptional target, REDD1, in BM samples of 16 previously untreated MDS (or seven for protein levels) patients and seven matched controls (or six for protein levels). The gene discussed is DDIT4; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.