From this perspective, aptamers can be extremely important, including the aptamer generated for myoglobin in cardiovascular disease [140], ApoA1 for initial monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma [141], CTAP III/NAP2 as indicator of lung cancer [142], retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4), visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin (Vaspin) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt/visfatin) adipokines for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in the beginning of the diseases [143,144]. The gene discussed is MB; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.