MTOR and breast carcinoma: Mechanically, MIR221 & MIR222 upregulation in breast cancer was correlated with downregulated p53 gene profile, leading to an upregulated expression of critical oncogenic pathways such as the PI3K (Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) pathways, and subsequent upregulation of several oncogenic pathways such as the Akt (protein kinase B) and mTOR pathway, further contributing to tumor proliferation [34].