A second important breakthrough highlighted the critical involvement of ANT as a major player in the execution of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in various pathophysiological and experimental models [56,107], according to which ANT defined cell fate by cooperating with pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bax, viral proteins (for example, viral protein R (Vpr) from HIV-1, PB1-F2 from influenza), or by participating in the mitochondrial polyprotein complex in diverse model systems such as human carcinoma cell lines, cardiomyocytes, and neurons [56,108]. Here, SLC25A4 is linked to carcinoma.