CTLA4 and melanoma: Anti-Programmed-Death receptor 1 (anti-PD1) antibodies, alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, have become a standard treatment for patients with advanced melanoma, increasing both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in metastatic melanoma patients compared to chemotherapy and CTLA-4 inhibitors alone [1,2,3,4,5].